CRIMINOLOGY

ZEMIOLOGY

PENOLOGY
Criminality is rarely, if ever, an innate trait, but rather the result of complex interactions between environment, upbringing, and psychological, social, and economic circumstances

. While some biological factors may influence predisposition to behaviours, criminality is primarily learned or driven by adverse conditions, such as poverty or trauma, rather than being determined at birth

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FIELDS IN CRIMINOLOGY EXPANDING BEYOND TRADITIONAL FOUNDATIONAL STUDIES

Criminology has expanded rapidly as a discipline, driven by increasing crime complexity the need for evidence based policy and the integration of new technology.  It has transformed from a niche academic area into a major field focused on analyzing criminal behavior and informing criminal justice.

CRITICAL CRIMINOLOGY

Critical criminology is a perspective that views crime as a product of social conflict, unequal power relations, and structural inequalities - class, race, gender - rather than just individual pathology

GREEN CRIMINOLOGY

Emerging in the 1990s, it focuses on issues affecting the natural environment, non-human animals, and human populations, such as climate change, pollution, wildlife trafficking, and corporate environmental destruction.

CONVICT CRIMINOLOGY

It challenges mainstream, top-down research by providing "insider" perspectives on incarceration, aiming to influence policy, correct academic misconceptions, and advocate for penal reform.

FEMINIST CRIMINOLOGY

Feminist criminology is a subfield of criminology that emerged in the 1970s aiming to centre the study of crime around gender, specifically addressing the neglect and marginalisation of women in traditional male-dominated research.

FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY, INVESTIGATE, TREATMENT & COURT PROCEEDINGS

Forensic psychology is the application of clinical research and psychological principles to legal, criminal and civil justice systems, It involves assessing offenders' mental states, risk, and competency to stand trial, providing expert court testimony, treating incarcerated individuals, and assisting in police investigations

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DOMESTIC VIOLENCE SEXUAL ABUSE, RAPE, ASSAULT, VIOLENCE

We do not like to talk about those issues for different reasons but it is important to talk about them. There is no shame to come forward and ask for herlp. There is a problem, research shows the ones who ask for help they accused as beren the offenders, this is a serious matter and needs discussion

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Critical criminology is a perspective that views crime as a product of social conflict, unequal power relations, and structural inequalities - class, race, gender - rather than just individual pathology

SEXUAL ASSAULT

Emerging in the 1990s, it focuses on issues affecting the natural environment, non-human animals, and human populations, such as climate change, pollution, wildlife trafficking, and corporate environmental destruction.

VIOLENCE

It challenges mainstream, top-down research by providing "insider" perspectives on incarceration, aiming to influence policy, correct academic misconceptions, and advocate for penal reform.

NO MEANS NO

Feminist criminology is a subfield of criminology that emerged in the 1970s aiming to centre the study of crime around gender, specifically addressing the neglect and marginalisation of women in traditional male-dominated research.